Quels sont les avantages pour la santé et les utilisations de l'huile de girofle?

L'huile de girofle est extraite du girofle. Il est distillé à la vapeur à partir de bourgeons de clou de girofle qui ont une odeur piquante. Il est originaire d'Asie du Sud-Est et a été utilisé pour traiter la douleur associée aux problèmes dentaires pendant des siècles.

On dit que l'huile de girofle possède des propriétés antioxydantes, antimicrobiennes, antifongiques, anti-inflammatoires et anesthésiques (1), (2). Il peut également aider à traiter les affections cutanées, faciliter la digestion et renforcer le système immunitaire. Cet article traite des avantages potentiels pour la santé, des utilisations et des effets secondaires de l'huile de girofle. Lisez la suite pour en savoir plus.

12 utilisations et avantages de l'huile de girofle

1. Peut soulager les maux de dents

L'huile essentielle de girofle peut aider à prévenir les caries et à soulager les douleurs buccales. Traditionnellement, il est utilisé pour soulager les maux de dents. Il est également utilisé pour les urgences dentaires comme l'inflammation de la bouche ou de la gorge. On a également signalé que l'huile de girofle était utilisée dans la préparation de certains dentifrices et bains de bouche (3). L'eugénol, un liquide huileux aromatique extrait de l'huile de girofle, est utilisé comme sédatif dans les procédures dentaires (4). Le clou de girofle a également des propriétés anti-plaque. Il peut inhiber la croissance des bactéries buccales qui peuvent causer la plaque dentaire (5).

L'huile essentielle de girofle s'est également avérée présenter une activité anticariogène et cytotoxique contre un grand nombre d'agents pathogènes buccaux (6). L'eugénol et l'acétate d'eugényle sont les deux composants actifs de l'huile essentielle de clou de girofle qui aident à prévenir la décalcification ou l'érosion dentaire (7). L'huile de girofle est la plus efficace contre les micro-organismes responsables des caries dentaires (8).

2. Peut aider à traiter les maladies de la peau et l'acné

On dit que l'huile de girofle agit contre Propionibacterium acnes, des bactéries qui causent l'acné (9). Cependant, d'autres études dans cette ligne sont nécessaires pour parvenir à de nouvelles conclusions.

Une étude menée par le département de dermatologie du Caire, en Égypte, a révélé que l'huile de girofle était efficace dans le traitement topique du prurit chronique (10).

Une autre étude menée par l'hôpital universitaire de Mansoura, en Égypte, a révélé que l'application topique de crème à l'huile de clou de girofle pourrait aider dans le traitement des fissures anales chroniques (11).

3. Peut avoir des propriétés analgésiques

Le massage à l'huile de girofle réduit efficacement les maux de dos chez les mères postnatales (12). On dit que l'huile de girofle possède des propriétés analgésiques qui réduisent les maux de dents et les douleurs articulaires en activant les canaux calcium et chlorure dans les ganglions lymphatiques (13). L'eugénol contenu dans le clou de girofle a également été étudié pour ses effets analgésiques (14). L'huile de clou de girofle pourrait également soulager la douleur chez les souris (15).

Une autre étude menée par l'Université du Koweït a révélé que le gel de clou de girofle pourrait avoir le potentiel de remplacer la benzocaïne comme anesthésique topique (16).

4. Peut aider à la digestion

L'huile de girofle peut aider à soulager les nausées, les vomissements et le mal des transports, grâce à ses propriétés anti-irritantes et apaisantes (17). L'eugénol contenu dans l'huile essentielle de girofle a la capacité de stimuler la synthèse de mucus, un facteur gastroprotecteur important (18). Cependant, des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour comprendre son utilisation dans le traitement des ulcères gastriques.

5. Peut stimuler le système immunitaire

L'eugénol contenu dans les clous de girofle protège les membranes cellulaires des dommages causés par les radicaux libres et du stress oxydatif (19). Dans une étude animale, l'huile pourrait également exercer un rôle protecteur contre le stress oxydatif induit par les radiations (20). On dit que l'huile de girofle possède des effets anti-inflammatoires. Une étude a montré que l'huile de girofle avait un effet anti-inflammatoire dose-dépendant sur les rats Wistar (21). En outre, l'huile s'est avérée avoir des effets antinociceptifs et antipyrétiques chez la souris (22).

6. Peut avoir des propriétés antimicrobiennes

L'huile essentielle de clou de girofle est une source puissante de composés antimicrobiens qui agissent particulièrement contre les bactéries pathogènes (23). L'huile peut être efficace pour arrêter la croissance de plusieurs types de bactéries et agir également contre les agents pathogènes des voies respiratoires (24). L'huile de clou de girofle agit également contre les souches cliniques d' Escherichia coil , une bactérie spécifique très résistante à plusieurs antibiotiques (25). Une étude menée par la section de microbiologie et de technologie des produits de la mer, en Espagne, a révélé que l'huile essentielle de clou de girofle tuait efficacement les biofilms de Staphylococcus aureus (26) .

En outre, l'huile de clou de girofle agit contre Candida albicans qui provoque le muguet buccal, le pied d'athlète et les mycoses vaginales. L'eugénol contenu dans l'huile de girofle pourrait exercer un effet anticandidique (27). Une étude menée par l'Université médicale et pharmaceutique de Toyama a révélé qu'une combinaison d'acyclovir Une étude menée par l'Université médicale et pharmaceutique de Toyama a révélé qu'une combinaison d'acyclovir (un médicament antiviral) et de clou de girofle chez la souris pouvait traiter l'infection virale par l'herpès simplex (28). Un mélange d'huiles essentielles avec de l'huile de clou de girofle pourrait atténuer considérablement le virus de la grippe. Les virus traités avec le mélange d'huile avaient une expression minimale des protéines virales. Cela signifie que l'huile de girofle pourrait avoir la capacité de combattre certains virus qui causent des infections (29).

7. Peut agir comme un insectifuge

L'huile de girofle peut agir comme un insectifuge et prévenir les maladies à transmission vectorielle (causées chez l'homme par un parasite) (30). Une étude a révélé que les composants de l'huile essentielle de clou de girofle pourraient potentiellement être utiles dans la production de répulsifs contre les poux de corps (31). L'huile de girofle pourrait également montrer une activité répulsive contre les termites japonais (32).

Une étude menée par l'Université Mahidol, en Thaïlande, a révélé que l' huile essentielle de clou de girofle pouvait repousser les aoûtats Leptotrombidium , qui sont une espèce de larves. L'huile pourrait également être une alternative plus sûre et moins chère aux répulsifs synthétiques qui peuvent provoquer des effets secondaires (33). L'huile essentielle de girofle a également montré une répulsion contre Leptotrombidium deliense , une autre espèce de larves (34). En outre, une formulation contenant de l'huile essentielle de clou de girofle s'est avérée efficace contre le moustique Aedes aegypti (35).

L'eugénol contenu dans l'huile de girofle pourrait également constituer une alternative prometteuse aux insecticides courants (36). L'eugénol, l'acétate d'eugénol et le bêta-caryophyllène, les produits chimiques bioactifs du clou de girofle, se sont révélés capables de repousser les fourmis rouges (37).

8. Peut réduire les douleurs à l'estomac

Il a été proposé que l'eugénol contenu dans l'huile de girofle soit bénéfique pour les troubles gastro-intestinaux, tels que les douleurs abdominales. Il est également utilisé pour traiter la toux, les mucosités et la congestion thoracique (38). Le clou de girofle peut être utilisé pour réduire les douleurs à l'estomac. Cependant, des données limitées sont disponibles pour étayer cette affirmation.

9. Peut améliorer la santé cardiovasculaire

Clove oil may help boost cardiovascular health. Traditionally, it is known to improve blood circulation. A rat study showed that the eugenol in the oil dilated cerebral arteries. This, in humans, may mean a reduced risk of stroke (39). In rats, treatment with eugenol could lower blood pressure levels and even slow down the heart rate (40). In another study, high-fructose-fed rats, when given clove essential oil, showed an improvement in fatty liver. The oil could also regulate cholesterol levels in the rats. The study suggests the possible cardioprotective properties of clove oil (41).

In diabetic rats, clove oil could also show cardioprotective effects. This could be because of the oil’s antioxidant properties (42). Another study concludes that eugenol could be therapeutically useful as an antihypertensive agent (43).

10. May Promote Hair Growth

Eugenol is known to stimulate the hair roots. A formulation containing clove oil was found to condition hair and enhance its growth. It could repair the hair shaft (44). However, more studies in this line are needed to reach further conclusions.

11. May Have Anticancer Properties

Eugenol was identified as one of the agents that could have anticancer properties. It may also prevent the proliferation of cancer cells and can help with cancer cell death (apoptosis) (45).

In another study, eugenol could suppress the growth of melanoma or skin cancer. Eugenol treatment could reduce tumor size by 40% and also delayed the growth of tumors (46). The National Toxicology Program based on several long term carcinogenicity studies concluded that eugenol was not carcinogenic to rats (47). Similar observations could be expected in humans as well.

In another study, clove extract was found to inhibit tumor growth. It could be a novel treatment for colorectal cancer (48).

However, it is important to practice caution, as eugenol may also have certain prooxidant properties. The compound may cause allergies and other inflammatory reactions (49).

12. May Act As An Aphrodisiac

In studies on male mice, extracts of clove (along with nutmeg) could enhance sexual behavior (50). In another study, 50% ethanolic extract of clove produced a significant and sustained increase in the sexual activity of normal male rats. The extract also caused no adverse effects (51). However, more studies are warranted in this regard.

These are the major benefits of clove oil. The oil also has other important uses, which we will explore in the following section.

Other Uses of Clove Oil

• Clove oil blended with cinnamon, orange, nutmeg, or vanilla oils can lift one’s spirits. Using this warming blend in a diffuser will soon fill the room and may also relieve stress.
• Anecdotal evidence suggests that sniffing the spicy aroma of cloves reduces drowsiness and fatigue, irritability, and headaches. It may stimulate the mind and also increase memory recall.
• Cloves encourage the loosening of phlegm from the respiratory system. They also promote sweating during fevers, colds, and flu, which can be very healing. Clove oil is often used in remedies for coughs.
• Like many culinary spices, clove may help relax the smooth muscle lining of the digestive tract. A few drops of the oil in water can relieve nausea. Clove tea may help treat diarrhea, gas, bloating, and intestinal spasms.
• Clove oil stimulates circulation and blood flow to the skin. This may help those with cold extremities.
• Clove oil is as effective as oil of oregano in treating athlete’s foot, nail fungus, and other skin problems. It can be applied directly to the skin or nails (unless the skin is sensitive or broken, wherein it must be diluted with extra virgin olive oil or unrefined coconut oil).
• One drop of clove oil applied to the roof of the mouth may relieve headaches. However, more research is warranted in this regard.
• Clove oil is long used in aromatherapy to relieve pain. For general pain relief, add 3 drops of clove oil to 1 teaspoon of coconut oil or extra virgin olive oil. Apply it to the pain areas.
• A band-aid soaked in a few drops of clove oil can help treat warts. Applying the band-aid to warts may help dissolve them if done regularly for a few weeks.

Clove oil is popularly known as a remedy for toothache. Using oil to relieve tooth pain is simple. Check the following section

How To Use Clove Oil To Treat A Toothache?

Dentists use clove oil as an oral anesthetic and also to disinfect root canals. The oil stops the toothache when dropped into the oral cavity. For temporary relief, dip a cotton swab in clove oil and apply it to the affected tooth. Adding a clove or two to a cup of tea can work miracles on a toothache.

Here is how you can use clove oil to relieve your toothache:

• Dilute a few drops of clove oil in an edible carrier oil, such as olive or coconut oils.
• Dab a clean cotton ball into the solution, and allow it to soak in it.
• Avoiding contact with your gums, apply the cotton ball to the sore tooth. It may take a few minutes of application for you to feel the relief.
• Apply every 2 hours or as necessary.

You can use clove oil in various other ways to achieve its benefits. In the following section we have discussed its most popular uses.

How To Use Clove Oil?

Spray

Using the clove oil as a spray is an easy way to add the clove scent to your room. Clove oil possesses antimicrobial properties, and you can also use it as a mild disinfectant.

To make a clove spray:

• Add several drops of clove oil to water. You would need 10 to 15 drops of clove oil per ounce of water to prepare the spray.
• Add it to a spray bottle. Be sure to shake the bottle well before spraying.

Diffuser

You can also use the oil in a diffuser. While diffusing clove oil, carefully follow the instructions that come with the diffuser. Make sure the room is well-ventilated when you diffuse the clove oil.

Topically

You can apply clove oil to your skin to achieve different benefits.

Massage oils

Use 15 drops of clove oil per ounce of carrier oil to create a 2.5 percent solution of massage oil. This solution can be used as a massage oil for pain relief.

Creams, scrubs, or lotions

For use on normal skin, you need 1 to 2.5 percent dilution of clove oil. For sensitive skin, you need 0.5 to 1 percent dilution of the oil. This diluted solution has no aroma and can be used in the preparation of several scrubs, lotions, or creams.

How Do You Use Clove Oil For Hair Growth?

There is not enough information in this regard. But anecdotal evidence suggests that clove oil acts as a natural remedy to promote hair growth as it contains a number of vital vitamins and minerals. Massaging diluted clove oil into your scalp may boost blood circulation. This could ensure more nutrients and oxygen are supplied to your scalp and hair follicles. To experience the benefits of clove essential oil for hair growth, you can indulge in a hot oil treatment or apply a DIY hair mask prepared with clove oil.

Though clove oil is well studied for its benefits, it may not be suitable for all. The oil may cause side effects in some.

Are There Any Side Effects Of Using Clove Oil?

Clove oil may cause local irritation, rare allergic reactions, and contact dermatitis in some individuals. More severe effects include tissue injury and acute onset of seizures, coma, and damage to the liver and kidneys (52). Clove essential oil is generally recognized as a safe substance when consumed in concentrations lower than 1500 mg/kg. The World Health Organization (WHO) established that the daily quantity acceptable of clove per day is 2.5 mg for every kg of body weight in humans (53).

Hepatotoxicity

High doses of eugenol may harm the liver and kidneys, as per some rat studies. Several instances of severe acute liver and kidney injury have been reported after an accidental overdose of eugenol containing herbal products, largely in infants (54), (55).

May Cause Skin irritation

Excess usage of clove oil can cause skin irritation in some people. Eugenol is an effective substance that is incorporated into many dental products. Contact dermatitis due to this chemical is not unusual. However, true serious allergic reactions are extremely rare (56).

As a primary irritant and sensitizer, eugenol is known to cause contact urticaria as well as chronic urticaria (rashes with dangerous swelling) (57). If you are concerned about your sensitivity to this essential oil, do a patch test before using it. Apply a small amount of diluted clove oil to the inside of your elbow. If you notice signs of skin irritation, like redness, itching, or swelling, don’t use clove oil topically.

May Cause Allergies

It is very rare to have an allergic reaction due to clove oil. The eugenol in the oil may cause oral irritation and heat sensation on the tongue (58).

Drug Interactions

Medications that slow blood clotting (anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs) interact with clove. Hence, avoid using clove oil if you are taking any anticoagulants. Acetyl eugenol, a component of clove oil (Syzygium aromaticum L.), inhibits platelet aggregation in humans. This could lead to bleeding (59), (60).

Avoid using clove oil if you have had a recent major surgery, peptic ulcers, or bleeding disorders, such as hemophilia.

You can buy clove oil from your nearest health store. But before you make a purchase, you need to keep a few things in mind.

What To Look For When Buying Clove Oil

Look for a purity statement on the label

Try to buy 100 percent clove essential oil and look for other ingredients listed (if any).

Don’t go by the marketing hype

Generally, essential oils are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the same way as drugs. Hence, you should be more cautious of any oil that claims to cure a specific condition.

Make sure the clove oil is in a dark glass bottle

Light has the potential to damage essential oils. Dark glass helps keep the light out. Always ensure your product comes packaged in a dark glass bottle.

If you can, smell it before buying it

Clove essential oil has a unique fragrance. Smell it before buying. If it does not smell natural, avoid purchasing it.

Conclusion

Clove oil possesses many therapeutic properties and has several health benefits. From dealing with dental problems to treating cardiovascular issues, this essential oil can improve human health in various ways. However, excess usage may cause several side effects. Hence, limit its use and consult your doctor if you experience any adverse effects.

Expert’s Answers For Readers’ Questions

Can you drink clove oil?

Ingestion of clove oil can be dangerous. Clove oil ingestion may result in coma, fits, and acute liver damage (61).

Can clove oil damage teeth?

Clove oil is generally considered safe for teeth.

How often can I use clove oil on my tooth?

If you are suffering from toothache, you can use it every 3-5 hours for relief. If you have multiple pain points in your mouth after a dental procedure, you can add a few drops of clove oil to coconut oil and swirl it in your mouth.

Does clove oil help you sleep?

The oil contains eugenol that is a mild anesthetic. It may aid in sleeping. Apply a few drops of warm clove oil with some carrier oil on your forehead for better sleep.

Can you apply clove oil directly to the skin?

First, do a patch test after diluting the oil with a carrier oil. If there is no reaction, you can apply clove oil to your skin.

How long does clove oil take to work?

Clove oil may soothe a toothache and relieve pain within minutes. It generally takes 5-10 minutes to work.

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Stylecraze a des directives d'approvisionnement strictes et s'appuie sur des études évaluées par des pairs, des institutions de recherche universitaires et des associations médicales. Nous évitons d'utiliser des références tertiaires. Vous pouvez en savoir plus sur la manière dont nous garantissons que notre contenu est exact et à jour en lisant notre politique éditoriale.

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